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81
C70

Collemaan, Timothy.
"Caused motion"? The semantics of the English to-dative and the Duth aan-dative [Текст] / T. Collemaan // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 5-42 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
PREPOSITIONAL DATIVE CONSTRUCTION -- DATIVE ALTERNATION -- ENGLISH -- DATIVE
Аннотация: Both English and Dutch feature a variety of verbs of possesional transfer which display the phenomenon of dative alternation. They can either be used in a double objet construction with unmarked NP theme and recipient objects or in a so-called "prepositional dative" construction in which only the theme is encoded as a bare NP object and the recipient is marked by a preposition. Within this context of dative alternation, this study zooms in on the English prepositional dative construction with aan(cognate with English on,German an). Existing analyses of these construction hold widely different viws on the semantic import of the prepositions used: some authors take the preposition to bring an element of ' caused motion' to the semantics of the construction, while others treat it as a grammaticalized marker of the recipient function. Whe shall argue for an intermediate position: while the construction with to and aan are not limited to events which involve a actual spatial transfer but cover a wide variety of' caused possesion' events, they are nevetheless subject to a number of containts which can be traced back to the spatial semantics of English to and Dutch aan.These semantic contraints will be illustrated by means of corpus-based observations on the behaviour of a number of English and Dutch verbs in the resoective dative alternations.

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81
H95

Huumo, Tuomas.
Fictive dynamicity, nominal aspect, and the Finnish copulative construction [Текст] / T. Huumo // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 43-70 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
nominal aspect -- predicate nominal -- Finnish
Аннотация: The article presents a cognitive linguistic study of fictive dynamicity, nominal aspect and the case marking of the predicate adjective(PA) in Finnish copulative clauses. The term 'fictive dynamicity' refers to the dynamic consrual of a static situation, a classic example being fictive motion as illustrated by 'The highway goes from Tartu to Tallinn', where a static situation is referred to by a motion verb and directional locative adpositions. The term 'nominal aspect' refers to the aspectual meaning of the sentence that is based on an incremental participation of a nominal referent. For instance in She was mowing the lawn the activity proceeds gradually along the referent of the object and reaches its endpoint when the whole referent has been affected. In the Finnish copulative construction, fictive dynamicity manifests itself as incremental scanning of the subject referent and as distributivee attribution of a quality(indicated by the PA) to its components. The received view in Finnish linguistics assumes that the PA is in the nominative if the subject is a singular count noun, and in the partitive if the subject is a mass noun or a plural. Semantically, the nominative PA attributes a quality to the referent of the subject holistically, whereas the partitive attributes it in a distributive meaning often gives rise to the incremental conceptualization of the subject and results in dynamic nominal aspect. The data discussed consist of copulative clauses with different kinds of subjects(mass, count, plural). The article also includes a comparison between the PA and other relevant uses of the partitive case, including objects and existential subjects. Special attention is paid to copulative clauses with an action noun subject and the complicated interaction of the verbal and nominal features of the action noun in the aspectual meaning of the sentence.

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81
G60

Goldberg, Adele E..
The nature of generalization in language [Текст] / A.E. Goldberg // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 93-127 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
constructionist approach -- categorization -- statistical preemption -- category induction -- linking rules -- argument omission -- argument realization
Аннотация: This paper provides a concise overview of Constructions at Work(Goldberg 2006). The book aims toinvestigate the relevant levels of generalization in adult language, how and why generalizations are learned by children, and how to account for cross-linguistic generalizations.

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81
T24

Taub, Sarah.
The role of gesture in crossmodal typological studies [Текст] / S. Taub // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 71-92 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
gesture -- spatial mapping -- crossmodal -- crosslinguistic -- typology -- ASL
Аннотация: Comparaisons between spoken and sign languages have always been difficult to make, given the linear nature of spoken language grammar versus the spatial, three-dimensional nature of sign language. A better understanding of the role that spatially expressed information plays in shaping the information structure of both spoken and sign languages holds the promis of providing an additional tool to better assess typological differences crosslinguistically and crossmodally. We analyze the use of spatial mapping in the expression of motion events in the narratives of English, Spanish, and ASL, which have been categorized as typologically different in how they express certain kinds of information lexically, syntactically, and in discourse structure. We examine whether the observed differences will remain constant or whether they will disappear once the contribution of spatial mapping to their information structure is considered.

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81
B69

Bod, Rens.
Constructions at work or at rest? [Текст] / R. Bod // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 129-134 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
computational linguistics -- data-oriented parsing -- probablistic linguistics -- language acquisition -- language processing
Аннотация: We question whether Adele Goldberg fulfills her self-declared goal in " Construction at Work",i.e. to develop a usage-based theory that " can produce an open-ended number of novel utterances based on a finite amount of input". We point out converging trends in computational linguistics that suggest formalizations of Construction Grammar. In particular, we go into recent developments in Data-Oriented Parsing, such as U-DOP, that produce an unlimited number of new utterances based on a finite number of stored form-meaning pairs.

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81
B78

Borsley, Robert D..
On Subject-Auxiliary Inversion and the notion "purely formal generalization" [Текст] / R. D. Borsley // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 135-143 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
auxiliary -- formal generalization -- polarity -- Subject-Auxiliary Inversion
Аннотация: English Subject-Auxiliary Inversion(SAI) has been considered by many linguists to be a prime example of formal generalization that does not allow a characterization in functional or semantic terms. However, Adele Goldberg's target article argues that the internal syntactic form of SAI can indeed by characterized in such terms. We provide a considerable amount of evidence that Goldberg is unsuccessful in her attempt to mount a counter-challenge to the idea that SAI represents a significant purely formal generalization in the grammar of English.

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81
C87

Crain, Stephen.
The case of the missing generalizations [Текст] / S. Crain // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 145-155 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
language acquisition -- innateness -- semantics -- first order logic
Аннотация: This review discusses several kinds of linguistic generalizations that pose a challenge for the constructionist approach to linguistic generalizations advocated by Adele Goldberg. It is difficult to see, for example, how such an account can explain the wide-ranging linguistic phenomena governed by structural properties, such as c-command, or semantic properties, such as downward entailment. We also argue againtst Goldberg's rejection of formal semantics in favour of an account of meaning based primarily on information structure and discourse function.

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81
C90

Croft, William.
Constructions and generalizations [Текст] / W. Croft // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 157-165 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
constructions -- argument structure -- island constraints -- Subject-Auxiliary Inversion
Аннотация: Goldberg's Constructions at work makes an important contribution to the understanding of syntax by developing analyses for specific grammatical constructions from a usage-based constructional perspective and critically comparing generative analyses to them. It is argued here that some of the analyses that Goldberg offers may still be problematic( although they are superior to the generative alternatives), and in other cases, Goldberg can strengthen her defense of constructional analyses by offering a sharper critique of the generative alternatives.

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81
L24

Langacker, Ronald W..
Cognitive (Construction) Grammar [Текст] / R. W. Langacker // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 167-176 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cognitive Grammar -- categorization -- construction -- grammatical category -- verb meaning
Аннотация: Goldberg overstates the differences between Cognitive Grammar and Cognitive Construction Grammar. The former does not claim that a clause invariably inherits its profile from the verb; it has merely been suggested that the latter's preference for monosemy may have been pushed too far. The matter can only be addressed given a specific definition of what is meant in saying that a verb "has" a certain sense. Also, the schematic meanings proposed in Cognitive Grammar for basic grammatical notions do not imply a "reductionist" or "essentialist" view based on classical categorization. Instead they complement the characterization of these notions as " metageneralizations over construction-specific categories", which otherwise begs the question of why the distributional patterns supporting such generalizations should be observed in the first place.

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10.

81
L68

Lidz, Jeffrey.
Constructions on holiday [Текст] / J. Lidz // Cognitive Lnguistics. - 2009. - Том 20, N 1. - С. 177-189 . - ISSN 0936-5907

ББК 81
Рубрики: Cognitive linguistics
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
CONSTRUCTION GRAMMAR -- Generative Linguistics -- nativism
Аннотация: Constructions at Work provides many new empirical observations and sound criticisms of other work. These fail, however, to support Goldberg's two main arguments. They do not undermine the need for innate linguistic structure; nor do they decide for Construction Grammar in particular.

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